Saturday, March 30, 2013

Cashing in on Mobile Phones



Most people cannot live without their phones. 

They like the convenience of talking on the road and the safety it provides in an emergency.  But did you know you can do more?  You can.  In fact, you can make money with mobile phones, here are five options to consider:




1 – Open a Mobile Phone Store
If you want to capitalise on the popularity of mobiles, you should sell them.  You can do so through an online store, a brick and mortar store, or both.  When selling mobile phones, you find a wholesale supplier with cheap prices and buy phones and accessories in bulk.  You then, in turn, sell them to consumers.  If operating a full-time store, you can develop a partnership with providers to not only sell phones, but plans too.  In this aspect, you not only make money through the phones, but commission with plans too.

2 – Open a Franchise Store

If you don’t want to spend months developing a business plan or researching wholesale suppliers, you can opt for a franchise opportunity.  A number of well-known and reputable mobile phone stores have franchises available for sale.  With a franchise, you are in charge of your store, but you get a solid business model to follow, as well as other helpful, profitable tips and support.

3 – Sell Mobile Phones Online


If you want to sell mobile phones full-time, you are encouraged to have both an online store and a brick and mortar store.  On the other hand, if you are only interested in working part-time, you can turn to the internet.  Instead of operating a functioning store, you can rely on other websites to help you.  These websites may include eBay.com, Craigslist.org, and so forth.  Also, many message boards have buy, trade, and sell sections.  This approach is nice, as you do not need a shop full of mobile phones.  You can sell them as you buy them.

4 – Work as an Affiliate Seller

If you want to make money with mobile phones, but do not have the financial resources needed to buy products to sell, consider affiliate programs.  By working as an affiliate, you partner with a company.  That company gives you text links, banners, coupon codes, and more.  You place these on your website.  Each time a sale is made, you generate income. Your startup costs are low, as affiliate programs are free to join.  All you need is a website with applicable content.  Good topics are those that focus on mobile phones and accessories, such as product reviews and buying guides.

5 – Through Website Advertisements

Many well-known cell phone providers and mobile phone stores pay you commission for each sale you help to generate.  In addition to this approach, you can outright sell advertisements.  For example, you can charge $25 a month for good advertising space.  This does not seem like a lot, but it will significantly add up with the more space you sell.  With this approach, you earn money each month even if a sale isn’t generated through your website.


As for which approach is best for you, it depends on what you want out of life,
 the choice is yours.


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Monday, March 25, 2013

CCNA networking quick questions

Another random assortment of Cisco based networking questions you can use as a primer for achieving CCNA certification or as a refresher.  

Scroll to the bottom for examination tips .. 

1.  How many IP access lists can you assign on an outbound interface?

A.) 1
B.) 1-100
C.) Unlimited


2. What type of switch port can belong to multiple VLANS?

A.) Access port
B.) Trunk port
C.) Voice access port
D.) No port can belong to multiple VLANs


3. What happens if a packet does not match any of the ACL statements?

A.) Nothing
B.) It is rejected
C.) It is allowed


4. Protocol Data Units of the Physical layer are called?

A.) Bits
B.) Frames
C.) Segments
D.) Packets


5. Bridges can only have one spanning tree instance, while switches can have many.

A.) True
B.) False









1.  Correct Answer A

2.  Correct Answer B

3.  Correct Answer B

4.  Correct Answer A

The Layer 1 (Physical Layer) PDU is the bit
The Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) PDU is the frame
The Layer 3 (Network Layer) PDU is the packet
The Layer 4 (Transport Layer) PDU is the segment


5.  Correct Answer A




Here are some revision tips to help you revise for the CCNA exam, or any Cisco exam for that matter...

1.)  Make sure you only learn topics which are covered by the exam.
2.)  Glance through the course/exam topics and highlight the areas you think you'll need to concentrate on more.
3.)  Get a good CCNA book that suits your learning style.
4.)  Practice what you learn frequently by using practice tests and flash cards. Highlight your weakest subjects and aim to improve them.
5.)  Create a set of revision notes for each topic. Try to stick to one page of paper per topic.
6.)  Read through your revision notes frequently.
7.)  You want to retain the information beyond the exam, so forget about cramming the night before the exam. Spread out your revision into 30 minute revision periods.
8.)  Condense your revision notes. The act of rewriting them will help you memorize them.
9.)  Practice your IOS configuration on a Cisco router or router simulator.

Monday, March 11, 2013

More CCNA Networking Questions for you

Here are a bunch of Cisco based networking questions to ponder.  These are the kinds of questions you may find if you study Network engineering, so i hope they may assist you in your endeavors..or just for fun :-)

1. What TCP/IP Application layer protocol polls devices on the network helping to notify when network errors occur?

A) Telnet
B) FTP
C) SNMP
D) LPD
E) SMTP


2. What is Cisco's default NAT table entry timeout (translation timeout)?

A) 1 hour
B) 12 hours
C) 24 hours
D) 36 hours
E) 48 hours


3. What TCP/IP layer are ICMP, ARP and RARP protocols associated with?

A) Application
B) Host-to-Host
C) Internet
D) Network Access


4. Hosts on one VLAN that want to communicate with another VLAN need to go through a router.

A) True
B) False


5. Which of the following are Routed protocols?

A) IP, IPX, ICMP
B) IP, IPX, Appletalk
C) RIP, IGRP, EIGRP


6. What does the Spanning Tree Protocol achieve?

A) Determines a loop free topology
B) Sets up a meshed switched topology
C) Creates bridge loops and broadcast storms
D) Disseminates VLAN topology




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1. Correct Answer: C

2. Correct Answer: C

Explanation: When an entry is placed into the NAT table a timer begins, the duration of this timer is called the translation timeout, defaulted to 24 hours on Cisco routers.


3. Correct Answer: C

4. Correct Answer: A

Explanation: VLANs act as if they are different networks.  So communication between VLANs require routers.


5. Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Routed Protocols are layer 3 Network Layer protocols. They include Internet Protocol (IP), Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) and Apple's AppleTalk. Routed or routable protocols allow for internetwork communication by assigning network and host identities to packets.


6. Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a Data Link protocol that ensures a loop-free topology for bridged or switched LANs. The algorithm prevents bridge loops within the network that cause broadcast storms, while allowing redundant links.


“Insanity is doing the same thing, over and over again, but expecting different results.”
- Narcotics Anonymous

Random networking questions for you

Here are a few more ideas 
to get the grey matter ticking,
 all Cisco based questions, enjoy.




1. Which switching mode has the highest degree of error checking?

A) Fragment-Free
B) Fast-Forward
C) Cut-Through
D) Store-and-Forward
E) FIFO


2. Router(config)#access-list 150 deny tcp any host 172.32.14.2 eq 25

What type of ACL is this and what is it performing?

A) Standard ACL, deny all SMTP traffic to host 172.32.14.2
B) Standard ACL, deny all Telnet traffic to host 172.32.14.2
C) Extended ACL, deny all SMTP traffic to host 172.32.14.2
D) Extended ACL, deny all Telnet traffic to host 172.32.14.2
E) Named ACL, deny all SMTP traffic to host 172.32.14.2


3. Router(config-router)#

What mode are you in when you see this prompt?

A) user exec mode
B) privileged mode
C) global configuration mode
D) interface configuration mode
E) routing protocol configuration


4. IP subnet-zero is enabled on all your routers.
How many bits must you borrow to create 16 subnets?


A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5


5, What IP address will test the internal loopback of a node?

A) 127.0.0.1
B) 255.255.255.255
C) 0.0.0.0
D) 126.0.0.1
E) 127.0.0.0


6. The maximum default hop count for Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is?

A) 1
B) 10
C) 15
D) 16
E) 30






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1. Correct Answer: D

Store and forward switching method is known as store and forward because the switch will store the incoming data frame in its internal buffer, then when the complete frame has been received the switch will then run a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) against the frame. If the CRC passes, the switch will then look up the destination MAC Address in its MAC filter table to forward it on to its destination.


2. Correct Answer: C

Router(config)#access-list 150 deny tcp any host 172.32.14.2 eq 25
Port 25 is SMTP. This extended ACL denies traffic from any source to host 172.32.14.2.


3. Correct Answer: E

Here is a summary of Cisco IOS router command prompts:

Router> - User EXEC mode
Router# - Privileged EXEC mode
Router(config)# - Global configuration mode
Router(config-if)# - Interface level configuration mode
Router(config-router)# - Routing engine level within configuration mode
Router(config-line)# - Line level (vty, tty, async) within configuration mode


4. Correct Answer: D

4 bit mask = 16 subnets

5. Correct Answer: A

127.0.0.1 is the loopback address in IP, it is a test mechanism for network adapters. Messages sent to 127.0.0.1 do not get delivered to the network. The NIC intercepts all loopback messages and returns them to the sending application.


6. Correct Answer: C

The maximum allowable hop count for RIP is 15 by default. 16 is unreachable.



How did you go? leave a comment if you found these helpful, thanks.

“Don't cry because it's over, smile because it happened.”
- Dr. Seuss

Monday, March 4, 2013

Networking questions part 4


Another batch of random network questions, specifically targeted at the CCNA exam for those budding engineers out there - or people like me that need refreshing sometimes :-) enjoy.


1. What does 'r' stand for in the capabilities of a Cisco device in the output of a show cdp neighbor command?


A) Repeater
B) Router
C) IGMP
D) Host
E) Switch


2. What describes the role of the Session layer?

A) Provides transport services
B) Translates between different data formats
C) Supports communication between applications
D) Establishes and terminates communications between applications


3. What is the default VTP mode of operation for the Cisco Catalyst switch?

A) Client
B) Server
C) Transparent


4. The maximum default hop count for Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is?

A) 1
B) 10
C) 15
D) 16
E) 30


5. What is the purpose of VTP pruning?

A) Reduces unnecessary VLANS
B) Reduces traffic on VLAN1
C) Reduces unnecessary broadcast and multicast traffic
D) A mechanism used to create Switched VLANs
E) Manages the addition, deletion, and renaming of VLANs









1. Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Router#show cdp neighbors 


Capability Codes: 
  • R - Router, 
  • T - Trans Bridge, 
  • B - Source Route Bridge,  
  • S - Switch, 
  • H - Host, 
  • I - IGMP, 
  • r - Repeater
2.  Correct Answer: D

Explanation: The Session Layer (layer 5) of the OSI model provides the mechanism for opening, closing and managing a session between end-user application processes.


3. Correct Answer: B

Explanation: The default mode for all Catalyst switches is Server.
A VTP domain requires at least one VTP server.


4. Correct Answer: C

Explanation: The maximum allowable hop count for RIP is 15 by default. 16 is unreachable.


5.  Correct Answer: C

Explanation: VTP pruning makes more efficient use of VLAN trunk bandwidth by reducing unnecessary broadcast traffic. Broadcast and unknown uni-cast frames on a VLAN are only forwarded over a trunk link if the switch on the receiving end of the trunk has ports in that VLAN.






Courage doesn't always roar. Sometimes courage is the quiet voice at the end of the day saying, "I will try again tomorrow".
~ Mary Anne Radmacher




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